IGCSE Geography Urban Environments Practice Test 2025 – All-in-One Comprehensive Resource for Exam Success!

Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into the surrounding rural land. A significant challenge associated with this phenomenon is the greater reliance on private vehicles. As cities grow outward, distances between homes, workplaces, schools, and other amenities increase, making it less feasible for residents to walk or cycle to their destinations. This results in a higher dependency on cars for transportation, contributing to traffic congestion, air pollution, and greater greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, this dependence on private vehicles can strain existing infrastructure, as roads may become overcrowded and public transport options often remain limited in sprawling areas.

In contrast, improved urban infrastructure, increased population density in cities, and the expansion of green spaces are generally seen as either positive outcomes or associated strategies that can help mitigate the effects of urban sprawl rather than challenges directly resulting from it.